picture of both the front and back of Jesus’ body, etched onto the thin surface
fibers of the cloth, by a bright burst of light given off at His resurrection. The
faint image left on the surface fibers of the Shroud was not made by any paints, inks,
dyes, pigments, chemicals, rubbing, stains, burns, or scorching. The only known
explanation for the formation of the image is an intense burst of ultraviolet light
radiation (equivalent to the output of 14,000 excimer lasers) emitting light evenly
from every three-dimensional point within the body wrapped in the Shroud.
Believers claim it to be the miraculous image of Jesus formed as He rose from
the dead.
The Miraculous Details of the Shroud
1. The image on the Shroud is a photonegative.
2. The image is composed of yellowed fibers hyper-aged from UV radiation.
3. The image is only on the top most fibers of the front side of the Shroud.
4. The shading of the image is accomplished by the pointillistic proximity of
the image fibrils to each other.
5. The image produces three-dimensional data when digitally analyzed in
a computer.
6. The light partials were projected vertically from all points around the body
through empty space onto the Shroud, not by contact with the body.
7. The Shroud is a mirror image - photo negative, of the front and back of the
scourged body of the Crucified Christ.
8. The image reveals the body was in rigor mortis when the image was
projected onto the Shroud.
9. The bloodstains are type AB + with Y-chromosomes.
10. The bloodstains contain serum, fibrin, and white blood cell from fresh open
wounds trying to clot, which is only visible with ultraviolet light.
11. The bloodstains are physiologically accurate for a death by crucifixion,
including the nail wounds through the wrists, and the scourging, crown of
thorn, and spear piercing the heart of Jesus, from a Roman soldier.
Linen Shroud from its protective backing cloth in a small area about 4 inches
long. This allowed people for the first time in 400 years, to look at the backside
of the Shroud.
clothes.
off the room lights and they saw for the first time that bloodstains had soaked
all the way through the cloth, but the image did not.
front of the Shroud, both the image and the blood are seen clearly. But
when the light is shown through the back of the shroud, the bloodstains
are visible but the image is not.
that the image could not be a painting or there would be a layer of paint
on the shroud which would show in transmitted light photography.
They took pictures through a microscope to document important characteristics
Barrie Schwortz, a Jewish photographer said that he was a total skeptic when he arrived. He figured that the Shroud was some kind of painting and that they would quickly determine that it was a fake and come back home. Barrie was convinced that the Shroud was not real, because all the bloodstains on the Shroud were still red as if they were fresh blood, and had not turned dark brown or black over the last 2,000 years.
- Only the top fibers on the threads were discolored to form the image of a naked crucified man.
- “The Shroud is an image of a real human form of a brutally scourged and crucified man.
- The bloodstains on the cloth are not artist’s pigment but are real blood.
- The bloodstains are composed of hemoglobin and also give a positive test for serum albumin.”
- The bloodstains were applied to the cloth prior to the formation of the image.
- Historians say the stains are consistent with crucifixion, including puncture wounds from a crown of thorns and scourge marks from a Roman whip.
- A puncture wound in the man's side is consistent with a Roman lance. And the wound marks showing nail holes through the wrists and heels, which is consistent with Roman crucifixion.
- Traces of stone dust, dirt, and pollen found on the front and back of the Shroud is proof that it comes from the Holy Land.
- All attempts at forgery have failed to produce details of blood + discoloration.
Matt 26:67 - Then they spat in His face and beat Him, and others struck Him with the palms of their hands.
On the left-hand side of the chest, there is a wound caused by a Roman lance that struck between the fifth and sixth rib and penetrated deeply through the heart and lung. The characteristics of this wound are important because they show that it was inflected after the death of the subject. The blood that spurted out of the wound is surrounded by a serious hallow which is topical of blood flowing out of a corpse, in which the serum and blood corpuscles have already separated.
cloth 2000 years ago. The entombment or burial using a burial cloth was
the custom in those ancient days. This shows how the images of both the
front and back views of Jesus’ body, ended up on the two halves of one
14 ft. 3" long cloth.
But discovered in 1968, were the remains of an iron spike (11.5cm) which was still embedded in the victim’s right heel bone–indicating that nails were not only put through the bony front of the feet–as portrayed in countless paintings, but from the side of the foot, through the heel bone. This would fulfill the prophecy Genesis 3:15 “And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall crush thy head and thou shalt crush his heel.”
- The Heel has been struck through with a spike.
- The man has a strong body of a carpenter, or construction worker.
- The man has a beard.
- Part of the bear has been pulled out.
- The right cheek and eye are badly beaten and swollen.
- Also, the left cheek, eye, and nose are swollen.
- The body is wiped all over with scourge marks.
- Puncture wounds around and on top of his head.
- Hands are nailed through the wrist.
- The body has been stripped naked of all cloths.
- The man had long hair, a beard, and a ponytail.
- Legs are not broken.
- A Post Mortem spear wound in the heart.
- His back has been ripped to shreds.
- Indentation marks on shoulders from carrying the cross.
- The stomach is swollen; showing the cause of death was suffocation.
- Blood and Water came out separately from the side wound.
- Evidence of vinegar on linen.
- The body was wrapped in a white linen sheet.
- No evidence of any decomposition of the body on the burial cloth.
- There are mineral deposits on the back of the Shroud that match the stone in the garden tomb.
- Rare calcite from tombs around Damascus Gate on Shroud.
- Pollens from Israel and Jerusalem found on the Shroud.
- Pollens from Turkey where the Shroud was kept.
- Pollens from the plant used to make the crown of thorn on the Shroud.
- Evidence of a head cloth found in Spain.
- The body was wrapped with linen strips and spices.
- The Dimensions of the Shroud are in cubits.
- Trace evidence of myrrh and aloes on the Shroud.
- Man is 5’ 11” Garden Tomb is 6’ft.
- Many Catholics believe that Jesus’ tomb is beneath the church of the Holy Sepulcher inside the city of Jerusalem.
- Many Protestants and Baptists believe that it is the Garden Tomb unearthed in 1867 adjacent to the rocky escarpment called the place of the Skull; which is north of the Damascus Gate, just outside the city.
- A tomb on the Mount of Olives was also believed to be the burial place of Jesus during the late 19th century.
Wouldn't it make sense to try to match the stone dust on the back of the Shroud, with the stone dust in the tomb; so you could know with 100% certainty, the exact tomb where Jesus was buried? Also, a match like this would prove without a shadow of a doubt that the image of the man on the Shroud could have only been Jesus Christ, because no one else before or after Him, has ever been buried in the garden tomb.
What does David and Goliath have to do with Jesus dying on the cross at Golgotha?
Everyone knows the story of David and Goliath, however many are not aware of what happened next. 1 Samuel 17:53-54 “And the people of Israel came back from chasing the Philistines, and they plundered their camp. 54 And David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put his armor in his tent.”
Now the battle between David and Goliath took place in the Valley of Kayla, which was almost 20 miles from Jerusalem. Why would David carry Goliath’s head all the way to Jerusalem, and what did he do with it when he got there?
“And the Philistine said to David; Come to me and I will give they flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field. Then said David to the Philistine, you come to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield, but I come to thee in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied. This day will the Lord deliver thee into mine hand; and I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beast of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel. And all the assembly shall know that the Lord saves not with sword and spear; for the battle is the Lord’s, and he will give you into our hands.”
“And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose and came to draw nigh to meet David, that David hastened, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slung it and smote the Philistine in his forehead, so that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth. So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled.
And the men of Israel and of Judah arose and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou came to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron.
And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath and unto Ekron. And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents. And David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armor in his tent.”
When David took Goliath’s head back to Jerusalem it would have been considered unclean and against Jewish law to bring a stinking rotting head into the city. The head had to be buried somewhere outside of the city, as gentiles (non Jews) were considered unclean. This would indicate that the area where Goliath’s head was buried was not then included within the city walls, as the dead were always buried outside the city. The head of Goliath was a trophy of war and would have been displayed on a high hill just outside of the city gates, overlooking Jerusalem, so that God’s people could look up and see God’s enemy has been vanquished.
David is a type of Christ. His prophetic victory over Goliath in battle is similar to the crushing death-blow that Jesus would give to the devil 600 years later in the future when He would die on the cross at Golgotha.
David killed Goliath with one stone. This stone is a symbol of one of God’s greatest commandments, called the golden rule. “Love your neighbor as you love yourself. Care about your neighbor as you care about yourself.” If you keep this one commandment you’ve kept them all. And Love is the power that destroys all evil.
And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favor with God. And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a Son, and shall call His Name JESUS.
He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto Him the throne of His father David: And He shall reign over the house of Jacob forever; and of His kingdom there shall be no end.
Then said Mary unto the angel, how shall this be, seeing I know not a man? And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also That Holy Thing Which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.``
Goliath was one of the giants which were born as a result of the fallen angels having sex with the earthly women. Goliath, who was of the Lineage of Cain, was ⅔’s angel and 1/3rd human, and was a genetic mutation of God’s perfect creation of man, whom He had made in the image and likeness of himself. Goliath represented pure evil, the “seed (children) of the serpent.” He was one of the super soldiers that the devil and his fallen angels had sired, with the goal of destroying God’s righteous (seed) from off the face of the earth, so that the promised Messiah could never be born.
God has recently revealed that the Ark of the Covenant was hidden in a cave directly below the cross of Jesus the Messiah, the King of the Jews. At the moment Jesus gave up the Ghost, the earth shook violently, and the ground cracked open, and the blood from Jesus’ side flowed downward his legs and feet and into the cross hole, and dripping on to the Mercy Set of the Ark of the Covenant, that God the Father had told Jeremiah to hid there 600 years before Christ died on the cross.
JESUS WAS “THE LAMB SLAIN FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORLD
Thus fulfilling the prophecy that Jesus was the lamb slain before God laid the foundations of the earth. He was the Messiah, the promised seed of Eve's that would be pierced in the heel, while crushing the head of the Serpent. Genesis 3:15 “And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall crush thy head and thou shalt crush his heel.”
God declared his promise that from Eve would come a Seed who would crush the head of the serpent, and the serpent shall crush his heel.
Goliath was a giant super soldier that would come out every day and mock God. He had a helmet of brass, and a coat of mail made of five thousand shekels of brass rings. And he had shields of brass upon his legs, and a breastplate of brass between his shoulders. (1 Samuel 17:5,6).
This might cause a light to go on in your head. Because, the word for bronze, nehoshet, sounds similar to the word for serpent, nehesh. Brass looks like gold when it's shiny, but when it starts to weather and gets tarnished; it starts to show its true color, a slimy green, like the scales of a snake or fish.
“Then the Lord said to Moses, ‘Make thee a fiery serpent and set it on a pole. And it shall come to pass, that everyone that is bitten, when he looks upon it, shall live.’ So Moses made a serpent of brass and put it on a pole. And it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived. ” -Numbers 21:8-9
“Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up; that whosoever believes in Him should not perish, but have eternal life.” -John 3:14-15
This battle was not merely about the Philistines and Israelites; it was about who would rule over all the heavens and the earth: the Serpent or YHWH! And now comes David, not with Serpent armor or weapons but with powerful declarations: “this day YHWH will deliver you into my hand, and I will strike you down and cut off your head” (1 Samuel 17:46).
David, like Moses, put the head of the serpent on a pole and raised it up high in the air for everyone to see; And as many as have sinned, (been bitten by the deadly serpent, shall die); For the penalty of sin is death. But if we repent of our sins, and ask God to forgive us; and believe in what Jesus’ death on the cross and the sprinkling of His innocent blood on the mercy seat has done for us; God’ wrath and His Judgment shall pass over us, and we shall be saved.
For more information see:arkofthecovenant2.blogspot.com – KevinTHE BIGGEST ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERY EVER MADE
one of the largest in Israel, which is proof that a very large vineyard must
have been in this area in the past for a winepress of this size to be in use.
in the garden a new sepulcher in which no one had yet been laid.
There laid they, Jesus, therefore because of the Jews’ preparation
day; for the sepulcher was nigh at hand.” John 19:41-42
and rolled a stone against the door of the tomb.”Mark 15:46
entrance. At the right-hand side of the trough is a large block of stone that
would stop the stone and prevent it from rolling too far to the right.
Matthew 27:39-40 "Those who passed by hurled insults at him, shaking their heads and saying, 'You who are going to destroy the temple and build it in three days, save yourself! Come down from the cross, if you are the Son of God!"
Isaiah 52:14,15 “As many were astonished at Thee; His visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men; So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him; for that which had not been told them shall they see. And that which they had not heard shall they consider.”
And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and foot with grave clothes: and his face was bound about with a napkin. Jesus saith unto them, loose him, and let him go.
There is significant evidence to show, that the shroud was not unwrapped from the body; because the dried bloodstains on the wounds have never been disturbed. If you were to put a white linen sheet over a dead bleeding body, with hundreds of scourge wounds; the blood would soak all the way through the cloth, and as it dried, the cloth would become glued to the body. If grave robbers had tried to unwrap Jesus' body with the dried blood stuck to it, the wounds would have started to bleed again, and the wounds on the image of the shroud would appear smeared, damaged, totally destroyed, and a bloody mess as a result of trying to remove the wrappings, and the white linen sheet from Jesus' body; but it's not!
Also within 30 hours of a person's death, liquid decomposition products appear on the surface of the body. There are no signs of decomposition on the Shroud. This indicates that the image was formed on the shroud, a short time after the blood had seeped into the cloth (after burial). The absence of bodily decomposition shows that the body was not in the cloth very long. This could be considered proof in favor of Jesus' resurrection from the dead.
John 20: 5-8 “And he (John) stooping down and looking in, saw the linen clothes lying; yet went he not in. Then Simon Peter came following him went into the tomb, and he saw the linen cloths lying there, and the handkerchief that had been around His head, not lying with the linen cloths, but folded together in a place by itself. Then went in also the other disciple which came first to the sepulcher, and saw and believed."
The image is “superficial,” which means that it is on only the top several thousands of an inch of the fibers. An individual thread is made up of 200 micro-fibers. And the image lays only on the top surface of one or two micro fibers. How could a 14th Century Artist do this? When we can’t even do this today?
There are many fibrils in each thread. And the bloodstained areas of the Shroud; the stains have soaked through all the fibers and all the strands of the thread, which is visible on the backside of the Shroud.
The image is only present on the top-most fibrils of the top most threads. It would not be physically possible for an Artist to apply any liquid paint, stain, or dye to the surface of the Shroud, without it cementing the fibers together when it dried, and soaking into the fibers below the surface.
Thereby we know for certain that the image could not have been formed by any kind of paint or liquid being applied to the surface of the cloth. If the image is not a medieval painting; then it must have been a real person who was crown with thorns, punched in the face, scourged, crucified, and stabbed in the heart. Then taking his dead, torn, and bleeding body, they wrapped it in a white linen cloth. This may have been a way for a medieval Artist to copy the bloodstains, but where did the faint image of Christ's naked body on the front and back of the cloth come from?
The Shroud of Turin features an anatomically accurate imprint of the physical features
of a crucified man who bears an uncanny resemblance to Jesus, both as described in
the passion narratives of the Gospels and in medieval portraiture. There is no doubt
that the Shroud contains real blood from an adult male wearing a cap of thorns who
has been crucified, nailed through the wrist, pierced with a Roman-style lance, and
whipped with a Roman-style flagrum.
THE VP8 IMAGE ANALYZER
- The rapid aging of the linen fibers on the surface of the Shroud.
- Dehydration and Oxidation of the very top surface of the linen fibers.
- The Fibers Turned Sepia or straw yellow color as a result of Ultraviolet light.
Carbon-14 Test of 1988 Invalidated Due to Contaminated Samples
The 1988 Carbon-14 dating of the Shroud of Turin was performed at labs in Oxford in England, Zurich in Switzerland and Tucson in the United States. The British Museum, according to protocol, released the official findings of the C-14 dating of the Shroud on October 14, 1988. The dates for the Shroud, written in chalk on a blackboard 1260-1390! Newspapers around the world printed stories about the Shroud using terms such as fake, fraud, forgery, and hoax. Nature, February 1989. Radiocarbon Dating of the Shroud.
Professor Hall of Oxford University claimed that, “There was a multi-million pound business in making forgeries during the fourteenth century. Someone just got a bit of linen, faked it up and flogged it!“
Their Radiocarbon test was a FRAUD because the sample tested was taken from a repaired area along the edge of the Shroud, made of 16th Century cotton and was not truly representative of the main ancient herringbone cloth, which was made of white 1st Century woven linen flax.
They cut a strip of cloth from a repaired area along the edge of the Shroud not noticing the difference between the two cloths, because the new cloth had been dyed to match the old and possibly due to a seamless ―invisible reweave!
Carbon Labs (Oxford, Zurich and Arizona) dated the Shroud from between 1260-1390 in the 1988 Carbon-14 test. The test was invalid for determining the age of the Shroud from the start. For two years in advance of the test, Scientists had agreed that the test samples should be taken from six or seven different parts of the Shroud, and must be representative of the whole 14ft.3in x 3ft.7in, burial cloth. Instead 5 samples were taken from one small contaminated area on the lower left hand corner of the Shroud, where an obvious repair had been done to the shroud.
If you look at the full length Shroud, you can see right away where patches have been done on the burned areas, and on the top and bottom left hand corners of the shroud. Why would they take test strips from an area that has been obviously patched with 16th Century cotton fabric, if it were not for the purpose of falsifying the results of the test; so they could proudly announce to the whole world that the Shroud is a medieval fake! One of the Scientists was given a million dollar donation toward building himself a new lab, for declaring that the Shroud is a fake!
It is well known and documented that the Shroud has been repaired several times in its history, including in this area from which the C-14 sample was taken. Carlos Evaristo Archivist for the Savoy Family, relating a statement by his Majesty King Umberto who said: “That at one point in the past, the edges of the sheet had become so tattered as to cause embarrassment or criticism of the Custodians, and those areas were repaired and rewoven using identical techniques, containing dyes and other medieval manufacturing ingredients, in an attempt to better blend the new sections in, as best as possible, with the original fabric.”
16th Century Renaissance cotton fibers were used to repair this patched area, and were interwoven into the ancient 1st Century linen, with a (French Invisible Weaving Technique).
A sample of the cloth for the Carbon 14 test had been taken where cotton fibers had been interwoven into the ancient linen of the Shroud, where the combination and proportions of ancient linen and renaissance cotton weaved together rendered a medieval date.
The ancient 1st Century original Shroud linen was spliced into the 16th Century cotton cloth; and yellow madder-root dye was used to color the cotton patch that was carefully invisibly woven into the main cloth. The only area on the Shroud that has any dye or stain on it is along the edges of the shroud where it has been repaired with new cloth, and this is where the Scientists chose to take their samples for Radiocarbon dating. Barrie Schwortz (one of the official photographers of the Shroud) showed that the chemistry of the colored patch is different from the main cloth, and has intruded into the main cloth.
The 1988 carbon 14 dating was a total sham. The evidence shows that the samples were taken from an area of the Shroud that had been repaired by the Nuns with an invisible French weave in the 1,500's, and thus the carbon dating results are not reliable. The test samples were obviously contaminated by the weaving of 16th Century cotton thread seamlessly with the ancient linen Shroud. When examined under a microscope, there is no question to the fact that all these samples had cotton in them, and were taken from one end of the Shroud, which was totally different from the 1st Century ancient linen fabric throughout the whole Shroud. It would be therefore ludicrous for any reputable Scientists to declare to the whole world with 95% certainty, that the shroud of Turin is a FAKE, dating from the Middle Ages 1260-1390; basing all their scientific conclusions on one test, using the absolute worst polluted samples they could have taken.
Turin Shroud - Cotton adulterated 1988 Carbon 14 Test
Click here: https://youtu.be/51RrDewZqos
TO TIBERIUS CAESAR, EMPEROR OF ROME
The events of the last few days in my providence have been of such a character that I will give the details in full as they occurred, as I should not be surprised if, in the course of time, they may change the destiny of our nation, for it seems of late that all the gods have ceased to be propitious. I am almost ready to say, Cursed be the day that I succeeded Vallerius Falceus in the government of Judea, for since then my life has been one of continual uneasiness and distress.
Among the various rumors that came to my ears, there was one in particular that attracted my attention. A young man, it was said, appeared in Galilee preaching with a noble unction a new law in the name of God who had sent him. At first, I was apprehensive that his design was to stir up the people against the Romans, but my fears were soon dispelled. Jesus of Nazareth spoke rather as a friend of the Romans than of the Jews.
One day in passing by the place of Siloe, where there was a great concourse of people, I observed in the midst of the group a young man who was leaning against a tree, calmly addressing the multitude. I was told it was Jesus. This I could easily have suspected, so great was the difference between him and those listening to him. His golden-colored hair and beard gave him the appearance of a celestial aspect. He appeared to be about thirty years old. Never have I seen a sweeter or more serene countenance. What a contrast between him and his hearers, with their black beards and tawny complexions!
When he came up to me he stopped, and by a signal sign he seemed to say to me, “I am here,” though he spoke not a word. For some time I contemplated with admiration and awe this extraordinary type of man–a type unknown to our numerous painters, who have given form and figure to all the gods and the heroes. There was nothing about him that was repelling in his character, yet I felt too awed and tremulous to approach him.
Nor is this surprising. Socrates had his enemies, and he fell victim to their hatred. Yours are doubly incensed–against you on account of your discourses being so severe upon their conduct; against me, on account of the liberty, I have afforded you. They even accuse me of being indirectly leagued with you for the purpose of depriving the Hebrews of the little civil power, which Rome has left them. My request—I do not say an order—is, that you be more circumspect and moderate in your discourses in the future, and more considerate of them, lest you arouse the pride of your enemies, and they raise against you the stupid populace, and compel me to employ the instruments of law.”
Jesus carelessly shook his head and said with a grave and divine smile: “When the day shall come there will be no asylums for the son of man, neither in the earth nor under the earth. The asylum of the just is there,” pointing to the heavens. “That which is written in the books of the prophets must be accomplished.”
So saying he disappeared like a bright shadow behind the curtains of the basilica–to my great relief, for I felt a heavy burden on me, of which I could not relieve myself of in his presence.
The Pharisees were the avowed enemies of Jesus. They cared not for the government. They bore with bitterness the severe reprimands which the Nazarene for three years had been continually giving them wherever he went. Timid and too weak to act by themselves, they had embraced the quarrels of the Herodians and the Sadducees. Besides these three parties, I had to contend against the reckless and profligate populace, always ready to join sedition, and profit by the disorder and confusion that resulted therefrom.
“For what crime?”
“He blasphemed; he has prophesied the ruin of the temple; he calls himself the Son of God; the Messiah, the King of the Jew.”
“Roman justice,” said I, “punishes not such offenses with death.”
An air of desolation and sadness enveloped me. My guards had joined the cavalry, and the centurion, with a distressed play of power, was endeavoring to keep order. I was left alone, and my breaking heart admonished me that what was passing at that moment appertained rather to the history of the gods, than that of men. A loud clamor was heard proceeding from Golgotha, which, borne on the winds, seemed to announce an agony such as was never heard by mortal ears. Dark clouds lowered over the pinnacle of the temple, and setting over the city covered it as with a veil. So dreadful were the signs that men saw both in the heavens and on the earth that Dionysius the Areopagite is reported to have exclaimed: “Either the author of nature is suffering or the universe is falling apart.”
THE REPORT OF PILATE THE GOVERNOR,
THE TRIAL AND CONDEMNATION OF PILATE.
"And Pilate also wrote a title and put it above the cross; it read: Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews." (Jn 19.19).
According to Roman law, the body of a criminal condemned to death could only be returned to the family after one year had gone by in a common grave, handled by a Court in Jerusalem. After one year the bones would be put in a small box called an ossuary, so they could be returned to the relatives and buried in the family tomb.
Joseph of Arimathea begged the Governor Punches Pilate not to put Jesus' body in a common grave, but to allow him to put Jesus's body in his family's tomb which was nearby, and Pilate agreed. But they still needed to tag the body so that other members of Joseph's family could be buried there.
So once the body was wrapped in the Shroud, strips of papyrus with large letters were placed on the body with the name of the person, the date, and the reason for the death sentence was written on the body.
Acts 2:22-36 “Men of Israel, listen to these words: Jesus the Nazarene, a man attested to
Him in your midst, just as you yourselves know-- This Man, delivered up by the
predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the
hands of godless men and put Him to death.
“And God raised Him up again, putting an end to the agony of death since it
was impossible for Him to be held by its power. “For David says of Him, ‘I was
always beholding the Lord in my presence; For He is at my right hand, that I
may not be shaken. ‘Therefore my heart was glad and my tongue exulted;
Moreover, my flesh also will abide in hope; Because Thou wilt not abandon my
soul to Hades, Nor allow Thy Holy One to undergo decay.
gladness with Thy presence.’ “Brethren, I may confidently say to you regarding
the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to
this day. “And so, because he was a prophet, and knew that God had sworn to
him with an oath to seat one of his descendants upon his throne, he looked
ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that He was neither
abandoned to Hades, nor did His flesh suffer decay.
having been exalted to the right hand of God, and having received from the
Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, He has poured forth this which you both
see and hear. “For it was not David who ascended into heaven, but he himself
says: ‘ The Lord said to my Lord,” Sit at My right hand until I make thy enemies
a footstool for Thy feet. “‘ “Therefore let all the house of Israel know for certain
that God has made Him both Lord and Christ-- this Jesus whom you crucified.”